【摘要】 气核是最主要的“有效核”,为了定量研究室化核对空化起始的影响,必须排除“惰性核”对实验数据的干扰,获得纯气核谱。笔者在中国船舶科学研究中心新建的空化机理管道中,对于严格控制的水样,用全息法测量了大量的气核谱,统计得气核谱的经验规律,指出了组合参量α/αsr(局部空气含量比)是影响气核尺度分布的关键参量,并给出了对于局部过饱和水和局部亚饱和水两种情况下的气核数目密度分布函数n(R)的经验公式。一些国外最近发表的气核谱实验数据与本经验公式是符合的。本文的结果也暗示了空化核的测量也许可以大大简化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The gas nuclei are essential "effective nuclei". In quantitative research of the effect of cavitation nuclei to cavitation inception it is necessary to obtain the spectrum of pure gas nuclei by taking the "inert nuclei" part out of experimental data. A great number of gas nucleus spectra were measured by holographic method from the strictly controlled water sample in the newly-established cavitation mechanism tunnel at China Ship Scientific Research Center. An empirical law of gas nucleus spectrum was drawn from the statistics of the experimental data. It was pointed out that the combined parameter α/αST (local ratio of gas content) was the critical one that affected the distribution of gas nucleus scale. The empirical formula was given of distribution function n(R) of the density of nuclei number for the conditions of both locally over-saturated and subsaturated water. The formula fits well with some experimental data of gas nucleus spectra published recently out of China. The results of this paper imply the probable simplification of the measurement of cavitation nuclei.更多还原