【摘要】 本文对30次暖性阵雨的35000多个雨滴的大小和电荷量进行了测量,并根据阵雨的强度分析了电荷谱的情况。结果表明:带正电雨滴的百分比随雨滴的增大而增大,也随阵雨强度的增强而增加。雨滴电荷的分布是不对称的,正电荷的分布总是比负电荷来得宽,且当电荷值较小时以负滴为主,而当电荷值较大时,则正滴明显占优势。在一部分观测时段中,测站附近的火山爆发。它对雨滴电荷的影响是使电荷分布变窄,带大电荷的雨滴比例下降。本文用暖云中雨滴形成时离子与雨滴的相互作用的起电机制来讨论和解释上述结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The size and electric charge of more than 35,000 raindrops from 30 warm cloud showers were measured. Data were analyzed by examining charge spectra with respect to drop size. The result shows that the percentage of positive drops increased with drop size as well as the intensity of rain showers. The distribution of raindrop charge was asymmetric in electric sign: it was always broader in positive side, and negative drops were predominant when the magnitude of electric charge was small. But positive drops obviously prevailed as the drop charge became larger. During part of the observational period the volcano near the observational site erupted. It’s effects on the drop charge were that the charge spectra became narrower and the percentage of drops with large electric charge decreased. The results are discussed and explained in terms of the electric-f ica tion mechanism through ion-drop interaction during the formation of raindrops in warm clouds.更多还原