【摘要】 <正> 新月体的形成是快速进行性肾小球肾炎的重要形态学改变。传统的观点认为,新月体的形成是由于肾小球肾炎时球囊中纤维素渗出并刺激球囊壁、脏层上皮增生的结果,是属上皮细胞性来源。然而,七十年代以来,应用电镜研究的结果表明,新月体的形成可能是肾小球肾更多还原

【Abstract】 The origin of glomerular crescents has been investigated in 21 rabbits by means of intravenous injection of nephrotoxic serum in receiving three different amount. In order to study crescent formation and development at different stages, renal specimen of each rabbit was obtained by sequential biopsies on the 14th, 42nd, and the 84th experimental day and was examined with histochemitry for non-specific esterase (NSE), immunofluore-scence and electromnicroscopy, as well as with coventional methods.The results indicate that deposition of IgG, complement Cs and fibrin, crescent formation and the degree of renal failure reach a maximum on the days of 14 to 21 in 16 rabbits. At early stage (the 14th day), there are cellular crescents which consist of 36 to 78.2 Per cent (the mean 57.2±8.8%) macrophages that are diffusely strong positive in NSE stain and are demonstrated with electronmicroscopy. Within Bowman’s space, transformation of macrophages to epithelioid and giant cells has been observed. Other cells such as lymphocytes and plasmocytes (21.5±4.3%), epithelioid cells (10.1± 2.6%). PMN (5.7±1.5%). eosinophiles (5.8±8.8%) and a few detached visceral and proliferative parietal epithelial cells in some rabbits also present in the crescents. By the 42nd day, fibro-cellular or fibrous crescents has been seen. The number of macrophages in fibro-cellular crescents decreased to 48.8+6.6% flnd epithelioid cells increased to 24.9±3.7%. By the 84th day, there are fibrous crescents consisting of fibroblast-liked and fibrous cells, whith produce collagen and are weak or negative staining for NSE. The other inflammatory cells are almost disappeared.The result shows that macrophages are the predominant cells in the crescent formation. The discoveries support the hypothesis that glomerular crescents develop principally from the emigration and accumulation of mononuclear cells which are derived from bone marrow.更多还原