【摘要】 <正> 自1928年Mason和Maskell提出作物产量的源库理论(Source-sink theory以来,人们常以源库的观点探索作物高产的途径。在水稻生产上,如何协调源库关系,使水稻产量进一步上升,诸家看法莫衷一是。如凡特逊等认为,叶片是主要的光合生产源,要增加产量,必须提高适宜的叶面积指数(LAI)。田中明、村山登等则认为,产量库容对源的生产有反馈调节作用,要提高产量,必须扩大产量库容,即提高总颖花更多还原

【Abstract】 The sink capacity of the grain yield （the total amount of spikelets） has the ability to actively regulate and promote photosynthetic production of the leaf. High "grain-leaf ratio" [Which could be expressed with the number of spikelets/leaf area（cm²）, the number of filled spikelets/leaf area（cm²）, and the grain weight（mg）/leaf area（cm²）] has the roles to strengthen "source" and make "translocation" unimpeded A formula expressing the relationship between "grain-leaf ratio" and the grain yield could be established as follows:Grain yield（kg/ha）=grain weight（mg）/leaf area（cm²）×the largest leaf area（m²/ha）×10^-2The formula suggests three approaches to increase the grain yield theoretically, i e. （1） increasing the optimum leaf area （LAI） of the population, （2） raising "grainleaf ratio", and （3）both high Because the increasing of an optimum leaf area will after all be restricted by the limitation of the canopy to intercept solar radiation, it is nec ry to Day much attention to raising "grain-leaf ratio" in order to achieve higher grain yield."Grain-leaf ratio" can be regarded as-an important target evaluating the relationship between source and sink and the productive ability of a variety besides attaching importance to the leaf orien tation and increasing the leaf area of the population in rice plant-type breeding. It is a criterion for measuring and reflecting whether the source-sink relations of the population coordinative or not. and is also an important basis of working out the control techniques in highyield cultivation. It is scientific and rational that all techniques or measures can promote more increasing of the number of splkelets but less increasing of the leaf area, and conversely, it is not rational. The technical principles of raising "grain-leaf ratio" on basis of controlling optimun LAI were also discussed in this article.更多还原