【摘要】 长山核桃雌雄同株,单性花。花芽生理分化是在开花前一年的七月下旬至九月上旬,雄花生理分化较雌花大约早十至二十天。雌花芽三月中、下旬开始分化,五月下旬分化发育基本完成,历时七十天左右。全过程可分为五个时期:花芽分化初期、花序形成期、小花原基形成期、雌花总苞形成期和雌蕊形成发育期。雄花着生在一年生枝叶腋内,为柔荑花序。雄花芽于上一年秋开始形态分化,冬分化停止,来春继续分化,全过程可分为花序形成期、苞片形成期和雄蕊形成发育期。从花序原基出现到雄蕊发育完成,大约需要六个月。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carya illinoensis has unisexual flower born on the same tree. The respective physiological differentiations of female and staminate flower buds occur from latter Juyl to first September, however, of staminate flower comes about 10-20 days earlier than of the female. In morphology the female flower differentiates generally from the latter half of March till the latter May when the flower’s development is basically completed. The whole process can be divided into 5 stages: the initial stage of flower bud differentiation, the stage of formation and development of the inflerescence, of the primordial appearance of floret, of the formation and development of the female involucre, and of the pistil.The staminate inflorescence is of the catkin type, bears on the lateral bud of the last year’s branch, each of which carries 2-4 inflorescences on the short floral axis. The morphological differentiation of the staminate flower bud begins in autumn, and stops in winter. In the next spring, it continues to differentiate. The whole process from the primordial appearance of staminate inflorescence to the completion of the flower’s development requires about 6 months, which can be divided into 3 stages: the stage of formation and development of staminate inflorescence, of the staminate involucre, and of the stamen.更多还原