【摘要】 本文以金属中的电子气体为例,把金属中的电子气体视为高度简并的费米气体,应用费米-狄拉克分布,从分析电子气体的能量状态出发,导出了电子气体的能级密度,费米能级和化学势;对金属中一至三维电子气体的比热、泡利顺磁性、朗道逆磁性及传导特性进行了较详细的讨论,总结出了电子气体的比热、磁化率、电导、热导及洛伦兹数的计算通式;找出了维度对这些性质的影响.更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, taking the electron gas in metal for example, we have considered the electron gas in metal as high degenerate Fermi gas, and applied Fermi-Dirac distribution to it. Starting with the analysis of the energy state, we have derived its energy state density, Fermi energy and chemical potential. We have also discussed in detail the specific heat, Pauling paramagnetism, Landau antimagnetism and conductivity of electron gas in one to three dimensions. Meanwhile, we have summarized the general calculation formula for susceptibility, electronic conductivity, thermal conductivity and the Loreutz number. From these, we can see the effects of dimensionality on the properties.更多还原