【摘要】 水域的有机物质和水温对微生物的数量和种群分布有着密切的相关性。有机污染物数量愈多,细菌数量也多;对水温影响也很明显,一般夏季比冬季细菌要高十至几万倍。微生物区系也随污染的程度发生变化,例如在严重污染带(BOD在10—50mg/L以上),细菌以芽孢菌、肠杆菌科和假单胞菌等种群为主;真菌以地霉、黄曲霉、棕曲霉、毛霉、青霉等为主。而在寡污染带(BOD在2.5—1.0mg/L以下),细菌以对有机物质分解能力强的假单胞菌(特别是施氏假单胞菌)和无色杆菌等氧化菌群为主;真菌以青霉、毛霉和曲霉为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 The number of microorganisms andvariation of microbial flora are tightlyinfluenced by the amount of the organicmaterial in the river and temperature ofthe water. The more pollution of thewater is, the more microorganisms existin it. The influence of temperature ofwater on the variation of amount of mi-croorganisms is obvious also. In generalapeaking, the bacteria number is 10~1 to10~4 folds higher in Summer than that inWinter. In the seriously polluted waterbody (BOD more than 10--50mg/L),members of Bacillus, Enterobacteriaceaeand Pseudomonas are the predominatebasteria and Aspergillus flavus, A. och-raceus and some species of Geotrichum,Mucor and Penicillum are the main mem-bers in fungal flora. In slightly pollutedwater body (BOD lower than 2.5--1.0mg/L), Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudom-onas spp. and Achromobacter spp., whichare oxidative bacteria with strong abilitydegrading organic matepial, are predo-minate bacteria and Penicillium spp.,Mucor spp. and Aspergillus spp. are themain members in fungal flora.更多还原