【摘要】 研制了以 Nb₂O₅和 Sb₂O（?）掺杂的两类 PZT95/5型铁电陶瓷材料,其介电常数约为300,剩余极化强度 P_r≈30μc/cm²,居里温度≈210℃。较全面地研究了上述两类材料的介电、热电和铁电等各项物理性能与组成的关系,从而确定了它们的温度组成相图。研究了静态和冲击应力下的相变特性,给出冲击应力下的理论计算和实验测定的电流、电压响应曲线,两者符合得很好。在爆炸冲击应力作用下,在电感负载上获得的最大电流为1360A,能量密度为0.55J/cm³;在电阻负载上获得的最高电压为145kV。研究结果表明,上述材料的压电性能很差,但在室温附近存在反铁电（AF）→铁电（F）或铁电(F_RL)→铁电(F_RH)相变,在结构相变过程中,伴随着剩余极化或体积形变的很大变化,正是这种相变特性使这些材料在爆电、热电和机电换能等方面得到引人注目的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nb,Sb-doped PZT type ferroelectric ceramic materials have been developed.Someparameters of these materials are as follows:ε′≈300,P_r≈30μc/cm,T_c≈210℃.The dependence of dielectric,pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties on compositionhas been studied.From the obtained results the composition-temperature phase diagramsof these materials have been determined.Under shock-wave action the charge releasingcurves with various kinds of load have been given.The results from theoretical calcu-lation and our experiments are in good agreement.The maximum output on 59μHinductive load is 1360A and the maximum peak voltage on certain resistance load is145kV.The research results have shown that the phase transition from antiferroelectric toferroelectric or between ferroelectric of different structures can be induced by the changeof the electric field,pressure or temperature.When phase transition ocours,the remanentpolarization changes greatly with deformation.According to the above characteristics,many noticeable applications can been developed.更多还原