【摘要】 本文报道了农业废物干发酵生产性试验。原料为稻草和猪粪,按TS以2∶1混合。在分离式密封的沼气池中加入接种物,使原料TS达到25％。在发酵过程中,当产气率下降时加入一定量的接种物和粪便(两次)。对照为水压式常规发酵沼气池,浓度维持在8％。两个试验池的发酵时间分别为129天和127天,平均产气率为0.36m~3/m~3·天和0.34m~3/m~3·天,比对照池的平均产气率高89％和79％。干发酵池原料降解率比对照池高,TS高44％或48％,VS高42％或45％,C高46％或44％,纤维素高30％或34％。干发酵的产气率均在0.25m~3/m~3·天以上,产气量分布比较均匀。用碳酸氢铵代替猪粪,效果相同。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reports the full scale of experiments on dry fermntation with agricultual wastes.The material for fermentation is rice straw and pig manure mixed at ratio 2:1 by TS. Then inoculum was added into the digester so that the TS of the material got of 25%. In the course of the feremtation. certain amount of inoculum and fresh pig manure was added at the moment for two times when the biogas yield rates were reducing. For conventional biogas fermentation with water pressure digeser, the control with TS maintained at 8%. The volume of digesters were the same. i. e., 2.1m3. The average ambient temperature was 23.8℃. The durations of two dry feremtation were 129 and 127 days respectively, while as that of the control was 96 daus. The average biogas producing rate of two dry fermentation digesters were 0.36 and 0.34m3.m3.d-1 respectively, and were higher than that of the control(0. 10m3m-3d-1.) by 89% and 79%. The degradation rate of dry fermentation were higher than that of the contal, TS by 44% or 48%, VS by 42% or 45%, C by 46% or 44%, and cellulose by 30% or 34%.For dry fermentation, within the whole duration the biogas yield rate were all over 0.25m3.m-3.d-1, for the control, there were only 12 days with biogas yield rate over 0.25m3.m-3.d-1. The distribution of biogas yield of dry fermentation was quite even as well. This is beneficial for use of biogas. Ammonium bicarbonate can be used instead of pig manure with identical results. This is important for popularization of biogas fermentation in some area where are of shortage of human and animal manure, and for solving the problem of using manure as fertilizer but as material for biogas fermentation.The dry fermentation with agricaltural wastes has the following advantages:1. The process and the structure of the digester is simple, and the duration of fermentation is comparatively long;2. The tiresome routine management is avoided, and large amount of labour can be saved;3. The biogas yield rate is relatively high, and so the volume of the digester is demunished;4. It is very safe to clean the digester;5. Good organic fertilizer can be obtained.更多还原