【摘要】 柴达木石是一种Zn和Fe³⁺的硫酸盐新矿物,发现于我国青海省柴达木锡铁山铅锌矿氧化带。矿物属单斜晶系,空间群P2₁/m或P2₁,晶胞参数a=9.759（9）A,b=7.134（9）A,c=7.335（11）A,β=106.2（1）°,Z=2。化学分子式为ZnFe³⁺（SO₄）₂（OH）·4H₂O。它是四水铜铁矾（guildite）的类似物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chaidamuite is a new zinc and ferric sulphate mineral discovered in themiddle to lower part of the oxidation zone in a lead-zinc deposit at Xitieshan.Chaidamu,Qinhai Province, China. Associated minerals are: coquimbite, copi-apite, zinc-botryogen, butlerite, pyrite, etc.The mineral occurs as fine grains or granular aggregates. Individual grainsare less than 1 mm in maximum dimension. Crystal habit thick tabular, shortprismatic or pseudo-cubic. Common forms: {001}, {010}, {110}, and {101}.Brown to yellow-brown in colour, streak pale yellow, lustre vitreous, transl-ucent. H = 2.5-3. Cleavages{001}and{100}perfect. Fracture conchoidal. Density（meas.） =2. 722, density（calc.） = 2. 72. Biaxial（+）,2V（meas.） = 44°; dispersionr<v, strong. Orientation: X = b, c∧Y =12, a∧Z = 28. Pleochroism strong, Ng-brown to yellow, Nm-yellowish, Np-yellowish to colourless.Refr- active indices: Ng = 1.688, Nm= 1.640, and Np = 1 .632 （white light）. X-raystudy shows that it is mono-clinic, space group P2₁/m or P2₁;a= 9.759A,b =7.134A, c= 7.335A; β= 106.2°, V = 490.39A³, Z=2. Strongest lines inA forFeKa are: 9.40（80） （100）, 5.03（65） （011）, 5. 00（80） （101）, 3.64（70） （102）, 3.118（100） （211）and 3.090（95） （300）. Chemical analysis gave: Fe₂O₃ 20.00,FeO 2. 09.ZnO 17.00, MnO 0.06, Al₂O₃ 0.12, K₂O 0.01, Na₂O 0.02, SiO₂ 0.15, SO₃40.63, H₂O 19.21, total 99.29 wt.%. Empirical formula（based on 13 oxygenions） is (Zn_0.85Fe_0.12)_0.97(Fe_1.01³⁺Al_0.01)（1.02）（SO₄）_2.05（OH）_0.90·3.87H₂O and thesimplified formula is ZnFe³⁺（SO₄）₂（OH）·4H₂O. DTA curve shows three strongendothermic peaks at 184°, 704°and 798℃ and two weak peaks at 374°and852℃. IR absorption curve has two principal absorption bands at 3381 and1237--977 cm^-1 and three subordinate bands at 1645, 653-604 and 491 cm^-1.The mineral is named after the locality Chaidamu in Qinhai Province.更多还原