【摘要】 为了提高HBsAg检测的敏感性和免去小儿(尤其新生儿)静脉采血的困难与分离血清的麻烦,本文研究了用指尖血滴滤纸片检出HBsAg的方法,并对其实用价值进行评价。应用第三代检测方法——ELISA(酶标双抗体夹心法),将吸附在滤纸片上约20μl的指尖全血检出HBsAg,共检测标本205份,结果发现:全血滤纸片ELISA法虽较静脉血分离血清所得阳性率(61.46％)为低,但其阳性率(28.29％)仍明显高于用对流免疫电泳法静脉血分离血清(ClEP)的阳性率(12.68％),P<0.005。作者认为滤纸片法还有下列优点:(1)无需静脉抽血及分离血清,老幼咸宜,对新生儿更好。(2)一次可采大量检测对象,用品简单。(3)便于保存及携带,有利于大规模调查。(4)不需复杂仪器,如果将血滴量适当加大,操作细节加以改进,定能提高其检出阳性率,因而值得推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 ABSTRACT 205 patients’ blood samples were obtained from cubital veins and finger capillaries in pairs. Sera of the former samples were examined with ELISA (Es) and CIEP (Cs) in parallel, and the latter samples (blood adsorbed on filter paper) were examind with ELISA (Ep) only.In result, the positive rates of HBsAg were 61.46％, 12.68％ and 28.29％ respectively. The positive rate of samples adsorbed on filter paper (Ep) was obviously higher than that of the serum samples detected with CIEP (Sc) (P<0.005), though it was lower than the serum samples detected with ELISA (Es)。To compare with the other methods, the paper-ELISA(Ep) method has more advantages as follows:(1) Venipunctures and centrifugations are unnecessary, so that it is practically appropriate to children, especiouly new borns, and aged people.(2) It is convenient to store and carry.(3) it is suitable for collecting samples in a large scale.(4) Complex and expensive equipments are not required.The HBsAg positive rate of paper-ELISA method might be promoted by increasing the volume of blood sample. This simple Method is deemed of great value.更多还原