【摘要】 1966年瓦生设计了一项著名的瓦生选择作业或叫四卡片问题。以研究人在解决问题时的心理过程。通过大量重复施测,瓦生及其同事得出了一些值得商榷的结论。我在中国大学生中重复了瓦生的实验,根据实验结果,我不完全赞同瓦生的结论。我认为被试在选择过程中有一个摊破定势的过程,“匹配倾向”不过是摊破定势的特例。领悟遵从“全或无”的规律,不存在部分领悟状态。我承认存在推理双过程,它们是言语思维过程和动作思维过程,但起决定作用的是言语思维过程,而不是动作思维过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 1966 wason devised a famous wason’s selection task or four-card problem to have one’s mental process being probed when he is solving problems. Through numerous repeated tests, wason and his fellows came to some conclusions which are worth discussing.As a result of repeated experiments done by me among Chinese college students, I don’t quite agree with wason’s opinions. I consider that subjects have a process of Tānpò set in their selection process. The matching bias is only a special case of the Tānpò set. The insight follows all-or-none law, and there is no partial insight. I admit a dual-process of reasoning, that is, a verbal-thinking and act-thinking processes, but it is rather the verbal thinking process to determine the selections than the act-thinking.更多还原