【摘要】 <正> 从石油馏分中提取芳烃、烯烃、二烯烃和炔烃等组分具有重大的经济价值.通常提取这些组分的方法为液-液萃取或气-液萃取.效果较佳的萃取剂有N*甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）、环丁砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMA）和γ-丁内酯（γ-BL）等.为了揭示这些萃取剂萃取芳烃的机制,作者曾测量NMP、DMF、DMA、环丁砜与某些芳烃构成二元系的过量体积,用紫外-可见分光光度法测量NMP与某些芳烃的分子配合常数以及用气液色谱法测量环丁砜与某些芳烃的分子配合常数.本文报道以四氯化碳作为惰性稀释剂,用¹H NMR方法测量NMP等萃取剂与C₆～C₉芳烃的分子配合常数.更多还原

【Abstract】 Using carbon tetrachloride as an inert diluent,equilibrium constants of 1:1 molecular complex of five extracting solvents, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone （NMP） sulfolane, N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF）. N, N-dimethylacetamide （DMA） and γ-butyrolactone （γ-BL） with. some C₆～C₉ aromatics have been measured at 36℃ by ¹H NMR, method and Benesi-Hildebrand equation. The complex constants of NMP-aromatios given here are in reasonable agreement with the data previously obtained by UV-VIS spectrophotometry considering the differences of inert diluent and temperature used. It has been found that the complex constants, K, tend to rise with the inorease in number of methyl groups on aromatic ring, and the value of K of each extracting solvent with styrene is larger than that with other aromatics. These results provide an evidence that weak chemical interaction between extracting and extracted molecules is the essential cause for these solvents to exhibit excellent qualities to separate aromatics in petroleum industry.更多还原