【摘要】 本文首次用蒸发溶液法生长了一系列KLnP₄O₁₂晶体（Ln=La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm和Y）,研究了影响晶体生长的物理化学条件,得到了较好的晶体。所得晶体的化学组成测定结果表明,它们的化学式是KLnP₄O₁₂。从晶体的X射线衍射图得知,存在着α型和β型两种类型的KLnP₄O₁₂晶体,计算了它们的晶胞参数,得出了一些文献中尚未报道的结果和规律。此外,晶体的红外光谱也可以作为简便、快速和准确判断KLoP₄O₁₂晶体结构类型的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 A series of KLnP₄O₁₂ crystals（Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm and Y）were grown by evaporation method from the phosphoric acid solution. The growth conditions were studied and some fairly good crystals were obtained. The composition was determined by chemical analysis and the results show that the grown crystals are of KLnP₄O₁₂.X-ray diffraction patterns of the grown crystals were taken and some crystallographic parameters of KLnP₄O₁₂ were calculated. It can be seen from these parameters that there exists two types of structure in KLnP₄O₁₂, e.g.α-and β-type. The cell volumes and the average distances of Ln—O bond decrease as the atomic numbers increase and the radii of Ln³⁺ decrease. The infrared spectra of KLnP₄O₁₂ show that characterizing P—O bonds may also be classified into two types corresponding to the two types of the crystal structure. Accordingly, the type of structure of KLnP₄O₁₂ can be determined by the aid of their infrared spectra.更多还原