【摘要】 为了进一步研究高原和山地对大气环流的热力和动力作用,我们设计了一个九层的全球原始方程模式.模式中除考虑了地形作用外,还包含了太阳辐射和地、气的长波辐射、大尺度凝结和积云对流等因子的影响.为了能继续采用有限差分近似,并且既能较好地描述中高纬地区的环流状况,又不影响对低纬地区环流的模拟,本模式同时采用了两种地图投影坐标系(麦卡托投影用于中低纬地区,极射赤平投影用于高纬区).文中给出了冬季海平面气压、风场、降水分布和垂直环流的模拟结果,并把它们与观测值作了比较.更多还原

【Abstract】 A global nine-layer primitive equation model is developed to investigate the dynamic and thermodynamic influences of plateaus and high mountains on the atmospheric circulation. Besides topography, the effects of solar radiation, longwave radiation, large scale condensation, cumulus convection and surface fluxes off heat and momentum are also included in the model. In order that the finite-difference approximations represent quite accurately the circulation in both higher and lower latitudes, we use Mer-cator’s projection in lower latitudes and Stereographic projection in higher latitudes.The simlulated 10-day averaged sea-level pressure, wind field, precipitation distribution and vertical circulation in winter are given and they are compared with the observations.更多还原