【摘要】 <正> 中国大鲵(Megalobatrachus davidianus Blanchard)属于两栖纲、有尾目、隐鳃鲵科、大鲵属。它是我国的珍贵动物。 隐鳃鲵科(Cryptobranchidae)分为两属:隐鳃鲵属(Cryptobranchus)和大鲵属(Megalo-batrachus),断裂分布在北美东部和亚洲东部。中国大鲵是隐鳃鲵科在我国仅有的一种,主要分布在华中、华南、西南、云贵等地。作为有尾两栖类的代表动物,它是研究脊椎动物由水上陆进化历史的好材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study is based on 12 complete skeletons of the Chinese Giant Salamander, among them one is a larva.The Chinese Giant Salamander’s skull is divided into two parts: the chondrocra-nium and the dermatocranium. Except a part of it being ossified, the chondrocranium and the dermatocranium are not compactly connected together and are easily separated.During the metamorphosis from the larval to the adult stage, the branchial arch changes as the external gills disappear. The larva has one pair of hyoid arches aad four pairs of branchial arches, all of which are composed of cartilage. The adult has one pair of hyoid arches and two pairs of branchial arches. The second branchial arch is ossified, the other parts are cartilaginous.The vertebral column is divided into four parts, the cervical vertebra, the trunk vertebrae, the sacral vertebra and the caudal vertebrae. The sacral vertebra is not very distinct. The ilium rib is connected with the pelvic girdle, but the connecting position is not fixed. It represents a rather primitive species of amphibians.The centra are concave both in front and behind and in the hollows between them are pods made of the remains of the notochord. The sternum is cartilaginous and never ossifies during its life time. The appendage skeleton isn’t well developed, the carpus and the tarsus are unossified. The anterior of the epipubis is forked into the shape of "U".This paper makes a preliminary study on the classification of the Chinese Giant Salamander. Through systemtic comparison with the skeleton of the Japanese Giant Salamander (Megalobatrachus japonicus), this paper supports the opinion that tie-Chinese Giant Salamander should be classified as a separate species.更多还原