【摘要】 1983和1985年作者在新疆尼勒克县境内的天山山区采到3只体型较大的鼠兔,其额部和顶部及颈侧有锈棕色斑;其耳长和后足长均为鼠兔属(Ochotona)已知各种中最大者;额骨较平坦,眶间宽达5.3毫米,大于颅基长的11％。经鉴定为一新种,订名为伊犁鼠兔Ochotona iliensis Li et Ma sp.更多还原

【Abstract】 A new species of Ochotona was colleted from Tianshan Mountain, Nilka, Xinjiang in 1983 and 1985, the authors propose it to be named as: Ochotona iliensis Li et Ma sp. nov.Holotype: No 83001, ♀, ad., collected from Nilka County, Xinjiang, alt. 3200 m. on Aug. 5. 1983.Paratypes: No 85003, ♂, ad. and No 85004, ♀, subad., collected from the same locality as the holotype, alt. 3300 m. on Aug. 13 and 14, 1985. The holotype and paratype No 85004 are preserved in the Ili Prefecture Health and Antiepidemic Station, Yining, Xinjiang. The paratype No 85003 is preserved in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Beijing.Diagnosis: The general colour of 0. iliensis is relatively bright. There are big rusty-red spots on the forehead and the crown, as well as on the sides of the neck. The neck spots are connected in the throat. The colour of hairs behind the ears and on the nape is pale.The size is rather large, the total length of sdult animal is more than 200 mm. and the greatest length of skull is more than 45 mm. The ear and hind foot in length are the largest found in the genus.The incisive and palatal foramina are widely confluent, forming a single pear-shaped opening, and the vomer is completely discovered. There is not a small oval foramen in the anterior end of each frontal. The interorbital breadth amounts to 5.3mm which is longer than 11% of the condylobasal length of the skull.Remarks: The incisive and palatal foramina of 0. iliensis are widely confluent, forming a single pear-shaped opening and the vomer is completely discovered. According to Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951) the new species belongs to subgenus Ochotona. There are altogether 11 named species of this subgenus in the World, including 10 species distributing in China and nne inhabiting in USSR, Afghanistan and Iran (Feng and Zheng, 1985; , 1964).The present new species is clearly distinguished from O. roylei and O. macratis by its frontal without a small oval foramen, and from some small-sized and middle-sized pikas such as O. thibetana, O. cansus, O. thomasi, O. forresti and O. himalayana by its big size. Only O. koslowi, O. rufescens and some older individuals of O. daurica and O. curzoniae are similar to O. iliensis in size.According to (1964) O.koslowi is distinguished from 0. iliensis by its head and body length being bigger than 240 mm; the zygomatic width being 25.3-27.2 mm and by the interorbital area of the skull highly arching and being narrow with only 3.2-3.3 mm in width. By its bright colour in summer fur and rusty-red spots on the forehead and sides of the neck the new species completely differs from O. daurica, O. curzoniae and O. koslowi, but similar to O. rufescens. However, according to (1964) the interorbital area of O. iliensis is much widder and smoother than that of 0. rufescens; the nasal of O. rufescens is much shorter than the seam between the f rentals in length, and evidently narrow in their hind part, but that of 0. iliensis appoaches or slightly exceeds the seam in length, and do not evidently narrow in the hind part. Besides, the length of the upper cheek teeth of O. iliensis is shorter than that of O. rufescens.Finally the new species is markedly distinguished from all named forms of genus Ochotona by its ear and hind foot being the largest in length (see Table 2).更多还原