【摘要】 苹果在发育期间呼吸对KCN敏感,进入跃变期时呼吸变为对KCN不敏感,但对间氯苯氧肟酸(CLAM)敏感。非跃变果实辣椒的呼吸则始终对KCN敏感。跃变期的苹果切片陈化后有诱导呼吸发生,而且KCN与CLAM对诱导呼吸都有一定的抑制作用。辣椒果实切片陈化后不发生诱导呼吸。当在CLAM存在下进行陈化时,苹果诱导呼吸的发生被抑制约30％。跃变期果实的特点是当果实进入成熟期时呼吸途径发生了由细胞色素途径向抗氰的交替途径转移的现象;同时其果实切片在陈化后可以发生诱导呼吸。非跃变果与此相反,在成熟时不发生呼吸途径的转移现象,也不能发生诱导呼吸。在非跃变果实辣椒中两条呼吸途径都存在,但在通常情况下抗氰途径不参与呼吸作用,只有当细胞色素途径受到阻碍或者电子流量达到饱和时,抗氰途径才有少量运行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Changes in respiratory rate and the effects of respiratory inhibitors on respiration were determined in apple (Malus sylvestris cv. Delicious) and red pep- per (Capsicum fructescens) fruits during different stages of development and ripening. The results showed that there was an abrupt rise in respiration daring ripening in apple fruit, but the respiration of the red pepper declined continuonsly throughout the ripening period. Thus the apple is climacteric and the red pepper is non-climacteric fru- it. The respiration of apple fruit was sensitive to KCN (1mM) during the period of development but changed to CLAM-sensitive and CN-resistant during preclimacteric and climacteric phases, indicating that a diversion of respiratory pathways from the cy- tochrome path to the alternative path has occurred. The respiration of the red pepper fruit was CN-sensitive thoughout the whole period of fruit ripening, suggesting that the operation of the CN-resistant path was insignificant. Slices from climacteric apple fruits developed induced respiration after aging, both KCN and CLAM (1mM) inhibited the induced respiration considerably. However, sli- ces from red pepper fruits showed no evidence of induced respiration after aging. Sli- ces from climacteric apple fruits infiltrated with 3mM CLAM before aging, reduced the peak of the induced respiration by about 30%, indicating that the development of induced respiration was suppressed by the presence of CLAM. The above results indicated that the climacteric fruits were characterized by diver- sion of traffic frown the cytochrome path to the alternative path during ripening and by the development of induced respiration after slicing and aging. While in non-clima- cteric fruits no diversion of electron transport path was observed during ripening and no induced respiration occurred after aging. Although both the cytochrome and alter- native pathways were present in the tissue of red pepper fruits, the alternative path was not operating except when the cytochrome path was blocked or was saturated by ele- ctron flow.更多还原