【摘要】 <正> 前查干大队位于辽宁省西北部阜新蒙古族自治县西北边缘的福兴地公社,地属石质低山丘陵,临近内蒙科尔泌沙地,素有“塞北沙荒”之称。年平均降雨量430毫米,水面蒸发量1,800毫米左右。年平均气温6.3℃,有效积温3,200℃左右,无霜期130—135天。年平均风速4米/秒,春旱严重,夏旱和秋吊的频率也很高。土地总面积1.5万亩,其中山地占40%,丘陵35%,平地只占15%。1965年以前,仅有残林780亩,覆盖率仅更多还原

【Abstract】 Qianchagan village was typical for its low yieding in dry farming arae in northeastern China with a per mu yield of grain crops only about 60 jin (450 kg/ha) before 1965. However, owing to the great effort by the people in this village on the increase of the productivity, a substitution of farming system was carried out by afforestation and grass growing since 1965 onward. As a result, the output of grain crops was dramatically increased, with a yield of 419 jin/mu (3143 kg/ha) in 1983. Animal husbandry has also been developed remarkedly. The vicious circle of agro-ecosystem is being transformed into a good one, The main experiences from these achievements are summarized as follows.1.To combine land utilization with soil conservation and fertilization through afforestation and grass growing in order to increase the coverdegree of land and decrease soil erosion.2.To solve the fuel shortage through afforestation thus making it possible to protect the natural vegetation and avoid deterioration of the soil by returning the crop residues to soil.3.To expand the area sown to leguminous forage and green manure crops for building up a powerful N-fixing ecosystem and tapping a vast resource of biological nitrogen within the system.4.To combine farming with animal husbandry by rational use of grass and stalk of cereal crops as forage for animals feeding.5.To return poor farmland to forest and pasture for reasonably using the limited resources of manpower, draught animal and fertilizer, thus making it possible to gradually transfrom shifting cultivation into fixed cultivation and extensive farming into intensive farming.6.To revise the agricultural production structure in adaptation to the local condition of abundant land but insufficient manpower, and establish a complex agro-ecosystem of farming, forestry and animal husbandry.更多还原