【摘要】 由11组各含P₁、P₂、F₁、F₂、B₁和B₂家系的平均数及其方差,估计了陆地棉有关株型的10个性状和有关产量、品质的7个性状的基因效应。结果表明,株高,主茎节间长,第5、10、15果枝节间长和纤维长度的遗传,除有加性、显性效应外,尚有不可忽略的上位性效应;第1、10果枝与主茎夹角的遗传属加性-显性模型;第1果枝节间长,第5、15果枝与主茎夹角,每株铃数,单铃籽棉重,衣分,霜前籽棉、籽棉和皮棉产量则主要是加性遗传效应。因而一般地说,株型性状的遗传并不比产量性状简单。更多还原

【Abstract】 Genie effects on 17 characters of Upland cotton, of which 10 characters are connected with plant-type and the rest with yield and quality, were estimated from means and mean variances for 11 sets, each including P,, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2 families. The results show that besides additive and dominant effects, epistatic effects are non-negligible for the inheritance of plant height, internode length of the main stem, the 5th, 10th and 15th fruit branches as well as staple characters. The additive-dominance model is adequate for the characters of angle of both the 1st and 10th fruit branches with the main stem. On the other hand, the additive component is principally responsible for the inheritance of 9 characters: the internode length of the 1st fruit branch, angles of the 5th and 15th fruit branches with the main stem, number of bolls per plant, weight of seed cotton per boll, lint percentage, yield of seed cotton harvested before frosting and seed cotton per plant, and lint yield per plant as well. It follows that in general, the inheritance of characters for planttype does not seem simpler than that for yield.In our research, some approaches for estimating genie effects proposed by Mather and Jinks (1982) have been improved. They mainly include: (1) only those combinations, the difference between whose biparent means is significant, were analysed; (2) the statistical method that the effects non-significantly different from zero were eliminated one by one was applied, so as to evaluate the genetic model precisely; (3) in order to evaluate a general model of each character, an analysis pooled over combinations concerned was practised. Thus, the statistical procedure may well be in agreement with the principle of genetics.更多还原