【摘要】 利用γ反散射法对沥青混凝土斜墙容重进行非破坏性质量检验的基本原理是:沥青混凝土斜墙骨料的配比不同,其单位体积的容重不同,它对γ射线的吸收及散射程度也不相同,据此可以探知坝体是否符合质量标准.本试验对γ反散射法与常规测量法进行了比较,得出:γ反散射法测量水坝容重要比常规测量法更为精确的结论,并且探索了不同骨料配方对γ射线吸收的关系,探索了γ射线探测坝体的最佳厚度、射线束入射角和探头测量效率间的关系、反散射层底层对探测的影响、探测器周围介质对反散射的影响、放射源与探头之间的最佳距离、放射源的最佳强度,因而为仪器的小型化和进一步提高测量精度及辐射安全防护提出了一定的理论教据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The basic principle applied to inspection of non-destructive quality of bulk density of asphalt concrete sloping core wall by means of backs- eattering is:the aggregate hatching ratio of asphalt concrete sloping core wall is different,and so is the bulk density of per unit volume.Absor- ption and scattering of γ-rays are not the same.It is,therefore,known from the probing whether the dam body tallies With quality standard. This test compared γ-backscattering with the conventional survey from which a conclusion was drawn that the bulk density of darn mea- sured by γ-backseattering is more accurate than that determined by the conventional survey.Also,the following aspects were discussed in the paper such as the relationship between various aggregate batehing and γ-ray absorption/the optimum thickness of dam body probed into by γ-rays/the relationship between the incidence angle of beam of γ-ray and measuring efficiency of probing head/effect of mediums around the probing device upon the γ-baekscattering value/the optimumdistance between radiation source and probing head/the optimum intensity of radiation source.In this way,the certain theoretical data have been provided for miniaturization of probing instruments and improvement of measuring accuracy and safe protection of radiation.更多还原