【摘要】 <正> 黄河是我国第二条大河,多年平均年迳流量442.8亿立米,挟带入海沙量近11亿吨,以水少沙多闻名于世界。自1855年从苏北改道注入渤海以来,河口三角洲岸线不断外移。据庞家珍、司书亨的研究结果,在1855—1954年间,造陆速率为23平方公里/年,平均岸线外延速率为0.15公里/年;1954—1972年间,造陆速率为23.5平方公里/年,平均岸线外延速率为0.42公里/年,造陆速率基本未变,只是因河口范围缩小,致使河口外延速率增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Huanghe River is the second largest river in our country. The average annual runoff at the estuary is 44.28 billion cubic meters, the average annual suspended load is 1.12 billion tons, of which 24% was deposited on the delta, 40% on the coast and the rest 36% is considered to be carried into the deep sea by various dynamic factors.We’ve measured the temperature, salinity, current and suspended load in the estuary from autumn of 1983 to summer of 1984 for building a harbour in future. According to our data and other historical data from some institutes, we’ve obtained following conclusions:1)The distribution of temperature in winter is different with from that in summer: the contours of temperature in winter is parallel to coast line,and the contours of temperature in summer is coincident with latitudes.2) The salinity in summer is lower than that in winter. There are three tongues of low values of salinity at the estuary in summer. They are pointed to North,North-east and South-east respectively. Only two tongues are appeared in winter-northward and south-eastward.3)The distribution of suspended load is similar to the distribution of salinity.There are three tongues of high values of suspended load at the estuary in summer, they are pointed to North, North-east and Southeast respectively,the quantity of suspended load per litre in winter is much than in summer.4)The influence of Huanghe River to North area of the estuary is less than to Laichou Bay.5)The velocities of tide current at the estuary are very large. The maximum value is about 150cm/sec, and the directions of tide current are parallel to coastline.更多还原