【摘要】 <正> 蕨类植物具有两个独立生活的植物体世代,但研究工作常着重其孢子体世代,对配子体世代的了解往往被人忽视。Stokey和Momose自三十年代开始曾对蕨类配子体的形态学方面进行了研究,继之Atkinson尤其是Nayar等人系统地研究了同型孢子的真蕨类配子体的比较形态学及其在分类系统上的意义。蕨类配子体结构简单,生长周期短,易于观察,用来更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of gametophytes of three species in threegenera of Polypodiaceae were studied. They are Polypodium vir-ginianum L., Lepisorus ussuriensis (Regel et Maack) Ching andPyrrosia petiolosa (Christ) Ching. The spores of all the three species are yellowish, monolete,and kidney-shaped in equatorial view and elliptical in polarview, and variously ornamented. In culture the spores germina-te within 10--15 days. The patterns of spore germination seemto be Tangential as described by Momose (1942). Generally,the germ filaments develop 2--8 cells long, straight or curved.The prothallial development is of the Drynaria type (Nayar1971). The prothalli matured in 8--10 weeks after inoculum.They are hairy, and rhizoids are brownish (often with a red-dish tinge). The antheridia are globular. A short stalked cellunder the antheridium is often observed, especially when yo-ung. The archegonia are of the type common in the highferns. The adult prothalli of three species are varied, broad obo-vate, length longet than width (often 3×2mm. in size) inpolypodium virginianum, broad obovate-rounded, length almostequal to width (often 2×2mm.) in Lepisorus ussuriensis andbroad-rounded, width broader than length (often 2×3.2mm.)in Pyrrosia petiolosa. The more primitive prothalli are naked. The three speciesin the present work have prothalli hairy, and the papillatesecretory, unicellular hairs are common, clab-shaped in P.virginianum, obovate triangular in L. ussuriensis and short clab-shaped in P. petiolosa. In addition, the hairs in P. petiolosaare considerable complex and varied. They develop into bran-ched, multicellular (2--12 cells), uniseriate and multiseriatefilaments occuring on the surface in a straight or curved fas-hion. All the cells contain fully chloroplasts except its bran- ch, sometimes bear 1--2 rhizoids. This leads to consider thatthese varied hairs are of adaptive value. With the evolutiona-ry development of the ferns, the hairs of prothalli in P.petiolosa might have been developing.更多还原