【摘要】 两年来对选择的不同类型自交系及其组配成的F₁的性状遗传进行研究分析,结果表明·25个性状中有21个性状表现不同程度的正优势,4个性状表现负优势;组配类型不同的F₁杂种优势表现出一定程度的差异。F₁ 24个性状与其双亲平均值呈显著正相关,由此可以根据双亲平均值用回归方程估算杂种相应性状的数值。相关回归分析发现亲本自交系第四节间可估算F₁的株高;亲本自交系自上而下数第八片叶的叶面积、F₁自上而下数第十二片叶的叶面积可分别估算其单株叶面积。更多还原

【Abstract】 During this two years, we have analyzed the heredity of characters of varied maize self-lines and the F₁, The result tells us:1. Most of the 25 characters of F₁ have obvious heterosis. Among them, the average heterosis of 5 chacaters are more than 50%;6 characters are from 30% to 50%; 5 characters are from 15% to 30%; 5 characters are less than 15%; 4 characters showed nagtive heterosis. The heterosis of varied F₁ are different from each other. 2. The mean of parents has very significant correlation with 24 characters of F₁ Therefore, we can estimate the haracters of F₁ by means of parental mean and the regression equation.3. The result of analysis on correlation and regression tells us: The leaf area of plant of F₁ has very significant positive correlation with the leaf length of its parents but no significant correlation with the leaf width of its parents; the Lnv index of F₁ has very significant positive correlation with the ratio between the height of the position of ear and the plant height, and has very significant nagtive correlation with the angle of the two leaves which are above and under the ear; according to the average length of parental fourth internode, we can estimate effectively not only the heigth of the parent itself, but also the height of F₁; the eighth leaf area from the top of self-lines and the twelfth leaf area from the top of F₁ can bs used to estimate the leaf area of the plant respectively.更多还原