【摘要】 <正> 沼泽地是分布在潮湿积水的条件下,生长着以苔草为主的草本沼泽植物,形成了塔头甸子。由于土壤水分过多,沼泽地透气性差,有机质不易分解,积累了不同厚度的泥炭层。因此沼泽地具有较高的潜在肥力,但在开垦改造前,利用价值较低。为了扩大宜林地面积,把沼泽地开垦并利用起来,是扩大我国森林覆被率的重要途径。带岭林业实验局,早在五十年代就开始用人工扣垡丘,做高床等方法对沼泽地进行改造利用,六十年代又采用机械排水的方法对沼泽地进行了大面积的改造工作,到目前为止,已基本改造完毕,全更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1950’s Dailing Experimental Bureau of Forestry located inthe North of Heilongjiang Province has started to transform its swampland in large scale by the means of afforestation and 7600 hectareplantations have been established so for.After establishing plantationsthe ecological conditions of the swamp were greatly changed in manyrespects. In contrast to the prior to afforestation the moisture of soil in adepth of 0—30cm was decreased to 65.3—76.2％ from the origional 330—606％;the maximum and the minimum temperature were increased by7.5℃ and 2.4℃ respectively,and the temperature of soil in a depth of5cm was also increased by 2.5℃ as well as the temperature beneath20cm by 1.5℃. The status of soil nutrition was much improved with the reduce oforganic matter accumulated on the ground to 28.8％ from 31.6％ and theincrease of dissolvable substance,for instance,nitrogen by three timesand potassium by five times. The improvment of environmental quality resulted in changes insome elements of the flora,more species of mesophytes occurred whilehydrophilous species were reduced.It is much better for the developmentof forest in such environment than previously.更多还原