【摘要】 <正> 洱海地处滇西中部,为南北向的断陷湖泊,纵垮洱源、大理和下关三个县市,全长约40公里。湖周青山连连,尤其是西岸,山势陡峻,最高峰海拔4000余米,为著名的点苍山。洱海属澜沧江水系,集水面积2565平方公里,入湖河流主要有弥苴河、波罗江和苍山18溪,出湖河流为西洱河,经漾泌江入澜沧江。西洱河全长23公里,集中落差610米,历年平均流量26.6米~3/秒,蕴藏着丰富的水力资源。在历年(1952—1982年)平均水位1973.69米(海防基更多还原

【Abstract】 Erhai is a faulting lake, Its catchment area is 2565 km~2, area of lake is 249KM~2. Its mean depth and maximum depth are 10.20m and 20.73m. Yearly rainfall is about 1000mm, that mostly collect in May to Oct. of the rainy season.Water level annual variation is related to rainfall, the highest level appear in sept. to Nov. commonly, the lowest level in May to Jul., the yearly maximun amplitude is 2.22m, minimum 0.92m, the yearly average amplitude is 1.49m.The water level yearly variation, under natural conditions the crest and the valley of the water level are related to annual rainfall basically. But after 1974, because the influence of human factor, the water level yearly fall, since 1974 to 1982, the annual mean level dropped 2.99m. The yearly highest level is 1975.64m, lowest 1970. 67m, absolute range is 4.97m. The yearly average water level is 1973. 69m.更多还原