【摘要】 本文根据拉伸拘束度的概念,建立了拘束度测量装置,对造船业中常用的铁研型、里海型、直缝型、H 型、刚性对接(巴东)型、窗型等对接接头裂纹试样的拘束度测量表明,H 型试样拘束度系数最大,窗型试样拘束度系数最小。相同试验焊缝长度下,铁研试样拘束度系数最大。同时,在某船船体大合拢建造过程中进行了拘束度测量。结果表明,在相同试验焊缝长度下,实船与铁研及刚性对接裂纹试样的拘束度相吻合。用切割释放应力电测法测量了铁研、刚性对接试样焊缝的拘束应力。结果表明,在一定结构型式下拘束度大小是结构拘束程度的判据。在二维应力状态下,不同结构型式的试样,其拘束度与拘束应力不完全有对应关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 An apparatus for measuring the restraint severity has been set up based on theconcept of tensile restraint severity.The restraint severity of butt weld cracking speci-mens usually used in shipbuilding has been measured.The types of these specimens arethe Tekken type,Lehigh type,Straight Slit type with circular holes at the ends,H-type,restraint butt joint and window type,etc.The results show that the restraintcoefficient of H-type cracking specimen is highest and that of window type is lowest.At the same time,the measurements of the restraint severity are performed for jointsconnecting one block of a ship to another.The measurements indicate that at the same slitlength there is a good agreement between the restraint severity of the ship structure andthat of the Tekken type and restraint butt joint cracking specimens.The restraintstresses of the Tekken type and restraint butt joint cracking specimens are measured bymeans of the relieving stress electrometrical method.The experimental results indicatealso that for a given configuration,the amount of restraint severity is a criterion forpredicting the extent of restraint for the structure.In twodimentional stress state,thecorresponding relationship between restraint severity and restraint stress for differentspecimen configurations is not always in existence.更多还原