【摘要】 利用电子探针和离子探针对KNO₃熔盐中一系列浓度的Ca²⁺、Sr²⁺、Ba²⁺、Na⁺杂质离子影响K⁺-Na⁺交换和离子交换玻璃的强度进行了研究。结果表明: 1.上述杂质离子对K⁺-Na⁺交换产生阻止效应和抑制效应。 2.扩散入玻璃的二价杂质离子,其浓度分布随在KNO₃熔盐中浓度变化呈极大值规律,并随这些离子进入玻璃和极化作用的加强,增大表面微张应力。离子交换玻璃的强度与二价杂质离子扩散规律直接相关。 3.KNO₃中含有二价杂质离子后,由于阻止效应和结构松弛的共同影响,使交换玻璃达到最大强度的处理温度大大提前。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effect of different concentrations of the impure ions, i.e., Ca²⁺, Sr³⁺, Ba²⁺, and Na⁺, in molten salt KNO₃ on K⁺-Na⁺ exchange and strength of glass after ion exchange by means of electron microprobe and ion microanalysis is proved to be satisfactory in the paper. The experimental results are as follows:1. The above impure ions have blocking and inhibiting effects on K⁺-Na⁺ exchange,2. The divalent impure ions diffuse into the glass and all have their maximum value on concentration distributions in the glass with the variations of their concentrations in molten salt KNO₃. Such ions increase the micro-tension stress in the surface with the alternative increase of ions entering into glass and their polarization. The strength of the glass after ion exchange is directly related to the diffusion behavior of the divalent impure ions.3. In the presence of divalent impure ions in molten salt KNO₃, the exchange temperature, that makes the strength of the glass after ion exchange reaches the maximum, is sreatly reduced, owing to the co-effect of both of blocking and structure reiaxation.更多还原