【摘要】 <正> 农业的发展与生态关系很大,因此从生态系统观点研究农业的发展是十分必要的。从生态观点来看河北省的农业生产,这方面则存在着许多不可忽视的问题:(一)盲目垦荒,草原招致破坏,引起气候恶化。如坝上地区就是十分典型的。张北县总土面积4251平方公里,折合为637万亩。解放初1949年草滩面积有287万亩,草场复盖率达45%,到1978年底草滩面积只剩下75万亩,复更多还原

【Abstract】 Developing agricultural production is closely related to ecosystem.There exist many problems in this aspect from the viewpoint of eco-logy.They are as follows:(1)Land reclamation has been carried outin a blind way;grassland has been seriously destroyed and climatehas become worsening;(2)Forests have been demolished so that flo-ods and droughts occur very frequently;(3)Soil fertility has beendegraded with the great reduction of organic matter contents,and(4)crop patterns are irrational.However,in view of rational utili-zation of climatic resources,irrigated agriculture by saving water orrainfed agriculture can be practised in this province with many topadvantages such as plenty of light and heat resources/great diurnaldifferences/high effects of accumulated temperatures/favourable mon-soon climate.And at the same time,from the viewpoint of drought lawsthat the distribution of rainfall seasons is uneven with great chang-ing rate from year to year,there is the very possibility to developrainfed agriculture in this province.For this reason,some suggestionshave also been presented in this paper.They are as follows:(1)Agricultural patterns should be adjusted by firmly grasping the adva-ntages of production of autumn crops in order to meet the character-istics of monsoon climate;(2)Agricultural structure should beadjusted by starting from rational utilization of water resourees;(3)Irrigated agriculture by saving water must be combined with rainfedagriculture,and(4)based on the principle that wheat should gowith water,crop patterns can be adjusted and a proper wheat sownarea should be determined as well.更多还原