【摘要】 用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了Cu—Zn—Al和Cu—Al—Zn—Mn—Ni合金的马氏体形态和亚结构。结果表明,马氏体形态和亚结构与合金的电子浓度和热处理条件均有密切关系。Cu—32.23％Zn—1.84％Al合金冷却时形成的热弹性马氏体有细针状和矛头状两种形态,亚结构均为孪晶。非热弹性的蝴蝶状爆发型马氏体的亚结构为位错。应力诱发马氏体呈细针状,亚结构为层错。Cu—10.10％Al—4.51％Zn—3.76％Mn—0.3％Ni合金的热弹性马氏体呈矛头状自协作形态,亚结构可为孪晶,亦可为层错,晶马氏体和层错马氏体所占的相对量因热处理条件不同而异;应力诱发马氏体多呈细针状,亚结构为层错;非热弹性的爆发型马氏体亦为蝴蝶状,亚结构为位错。更多还原

【Abstract】 The morphology and substructure of the martensite in Cu-Zn-Al and Cu-Al-Zn-Mn-Ni alloys have been studied with optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that the martensite morphology and its substructure are closely dependent on the electron concentration e/a as well as the heat treatment processes.When the alloy of Cu—32.23％Zn—1.84％Al is quenched, the thermoelastic martensite is formed in either thin plate-like or spear-like morph ology, both with a twin substructure, and the non-thermoelastic burst-type martensite in a butterfly-like morphology with a dislocation substructure. The stress-induced martensite is in a thin plate-like morphology, and has a stacking fault substructure. In the alloy of Cu-10.10％Al-4.51％Zn-3.76％Mn-0.39％ Ni most of the thermoelastic martensite are in a self-accommodating spear-like morph ology, with either a twin or a stacking fault substructure, their volume fractions obviously varying with different heat treatment processes; the stress-induced martensite is in a thin plate-like morphology with a stacking fault substructure; and the burst-type martensite is in a butterfly-like morphology with a dislocation substruture.更多还原