【摘要】 本文对显性单基因控制的太谷核不育小麦不同发育阶段的可育株和不育株的花药及雌蕊内游离肺氨酸和游离总氨基酸的含量进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在小孢子母细胞减数分裂期,不同育性花药之间游离脯氨酸的含量无明显差异,且含量较低。(2)在小孢子单核初期,可育花药内游离脯氨酸的含量显著高于不育花药,是不育花药的7倍,比减数分裂期增加20倍,高达其干重的1.65％,占其游离总氨基酸的50％。(3)在雌蕊中,游离脯氨酸的含量远远低于花药,不同育性植株之间差异不很明显。(4)关于游离总氨基酸的含量,在花药中减数分裂期,不同育性植株之间无明显差异;在小孢子单核初期,可育株高于不育株。在雌蕊中,相应于小孢子单核初期时,可育株稍高于不育株,受精后迅速趋于一致,但整个变化幅度不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biochemical analyses were made on anthers and pistils at various deve- lopmental stages of both male-sterile and fertile plants of Taigu wheat.Analyses in- cluded total free amino acids and free proline. The following results were obtained: 1.There was no significant difference between the content of free proline in an- thers of male-sterile and fertile plants at reduction division of microspore mother cells. 2.In anthers with early uninucleate microspores,the content of free proline of fertile plants was remarkably higher than that of male-sterile plants.It is interesting to note that at this stage the content of free proline in fertile plants rose to 1.65% of the dry weight of the anther,constituting 50% of the total free amino acids,and amounted to 7-fold of that in male-sterile plants.This result is in line with the results obtained with most cytoplasmic malesterile plants reported by other workers,although malesterility in Taigu wheat is controlled by the nucleus. 3.In pistils,at the stages corresponding to the early uninucleate and the binucleate stages of the pollen,the free proline content of fertile plants was twice as much as that of the male-sterile plants.This difference disappeared gradually after fertiliza- tion. 4.The content of total free amino acids did not fluctuate as much as the free proline content.There was no difference in anthers of both types of plants during reduction division of microspore mother cells.In anthers with early uninucleate pol- len grains,total free amino acid content of fertile plants exceeded that of male-sterile plant,the difference levelled off at latter stages.In pistils,before fertilization,the con- tent of total free amino acids of the fertile plants was slightly higher than that of the male-sterile plants.After fertilization this difference was no more noticeable.更多还原