【摘要】 对三个野生稻种,即普通野生稻（Oryza sativa f. spontanea）、药用野生稻（O.officinalis）、疣粒野生稻（O. meyeriana）,一个由野生稻演变为栽培稻的过渡型深水莲,五个栽培稻（O.sativa L.）地方品种（六月谷、饭萝白、矮仔占、夜花占、桂161）,和三个栽培稻改良品种（包选二、珍珠矮、广陆矮）的光合作用和叶绿素含量作比较研究。结果表明,野生稻的光合作用光饱和点比栽培稻的低;前者为25000～35000lx,后者为35000～45000lx。在饱和光强下,野生稻的光合作用也比栽培稻弱,前者平均为13.0mg CO₂ dm^-2h^-1,后者平均为20.6mg CO₂ dm^-2h^-1。深水莲的光合作用强度和光饱和点均大约介于野生稻和栽培稻之间。 野生稻的叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b比亦比栽培稻低;前者平均分别为1.93mg g^-1 FW和2.55,后者平均分别为2.83 mg g^-1FW和3.12。深水莲亦有较高的叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b比。 上述这些性状,是和野生稻原来是分布在比较荫蔽的生态环境,因而具有阴生植物的光合性状,而栽培稻则比较地具有阳生植物的性状相一致的。更多还原

【Abstract】 A comparative study of photosynthesis and chlorophyll content was made on wild and cultivated rice. The materials included three species of wild rice, i.e. common wild rice（Oryza sativa f. spontanea）, medicinal wild rice （O. officinalis）, verrucose wild rice （O. meyeriana）, five Chinese native varieties of cultivated rice（O. sativa）: Liuyuegu, Fanluobo, Aizaizhan, Yehuazhan, Gui 161; three improved varieties of cultivated rice: Baoxuen 2, Zhenzhu-ai, Guanglu-ai; and a transition type between wild and cultivated rice, Shenshuilian, which is a deep water rice. The results showed that the photosynthetic light saturation point of wild rice （25～35 Klx） was lower than that of cultivated rice （35～45Klx）, and their photosynthetic rate under saturated light conditions (average of three species=13.0 mg CO₂ dm^-2h^-1) was also lower as compared with that of cultivated rice (average of eight varieties=20.6 mg CO₂ dm^-2 h^-1). The photosynthetic light saturation point and the photosynthetic rate under saturated light intensity of the deep water rice Shenshuilian lie between those of wild and cultivated rice.The chlorophyll content and ehl a/b ratio of wild rice (average values of three species being 1.93 mg·g^-1 fr. wt. and 2.55 respectively) were lower than those of cultivated rice (average values of eight varieties being 2.83 mg.g^-1 FW and 3.12), and the values of the deep water rice （Shenshuilian） were also higher than those of wild rice.The results are in agreement with the findings reported in literature that wild rice were originally distributed in shade area, therefore has some characteristics of shade plants, while the cultivated rice has characteristics of sun plants, due to long time cultivated in the field.更多还原