【摘要】 <正> 粮食是我国人民的主要食物。我国人口多,耕地少,如何进一步使粮食大幅度增产,是当前发展农业的重要课题。关于这个课题,已有不少文章从多方面作了论述。本文仅就我国粮食作物的结构和布局问题加以初步探讨。 一、我国粮食作物布局的现状及特点 建国三十多年来,我国粮食作物面积每年约占农作物总播种面积的80%以上。实践证明,粮食比重过大,必然要影响经济作物和其它作物生产的发展。再从粮食内部结构来更多还原

【Abstract】 The acreage sown to food grain crops in the past few years in China cousisted of a too high proportion (about 83—85% of the total), thus affccting the development of the industrial crops. Now the acreage sown to the both is tending to be stable with that sown to food grain crops being reduced. In order to bring advantages of the agricultural zones into full play, farther adjustments should be realized in accordance with ecotopes. Based on the characteristics of natural conditions and cropping systems, the whole country may be divided into 10 first grade zones. The acreage sown to wheat, potato and sweet potato as the second crop should be reduce and that sown to maize should be increased, and soyabean and coarse grain crops should again be grown in the Northeast, highlands in the North China and valleys of Huanghe, Huaihe and Haihe rivers, where wheat occupies a too high proportion.Double cropped rice, potato, sweet potato, maize and wheat should be cut and legumes and green manure crops should be grown in the midlow reaches of Yangtze River and the South China. The winter submerged and cold muddy paddy fields should be improved, in which rotation of rice and dryland crops should be practised, and the wheat and maize should be planted in the suitable areas, and the advantages for rice should be brought into full play in Sichuan-Shaanxi Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Highland areas. Wheat and maize should be gradually concentrated in the suitable regions, legumes and barley be grown again, and basic areas for production of pea and broadbean be established, and basis for commodity grain production should be established and well managed in 216 counties in the Northwest and on Qinhai-Tibet Highland.更多还原