【摘要】 应当指出,用弹性理论来阐述岩石的力学性质是不够令人满意的。在国际文献中,有许多计算地下结构稳定性的经验公式,可是因为三峡工程的地下建筑物的尺寸,比用这些公式计算的国外同类建筑物要火得多,所以这些经验公式并不完全能适用三峡。这就有必要开展岩石力学的基本试验和理沦方而的研究。本文试图从理沦上探索更能符合岩石的天然特性和地质条件的方法,研究三峡工程地下结构的稳定性。本文提出的岩石力学新理论,既考虑了岩石的各向异性,也分析了在静力荷载下的岩石蠕变性质和在动力荷载下的阻尼因素。因此,在计算地下结构的周围应力和变形时,可以用流变理论计算在外力作用下,岩层随时问变化的变形和应力分布状况。本文还指出,利用微分方程求解圆形隧洞在内水压力下,随时间变化的变形和应力分布,将更符合客观实际。更多还原

【Abstract】 It should be pointed out that the explanation of mechnical properties of rocks by the theory of elasticity is not sactisfactory enough.In the international documents and papers there are many empiric formulas to calculate the stability of underground structures,however,the empiric formulas can not be applied completely to the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River as the size of the underground structure,for the Gorges is much bigger than that of the structure of the same kind aboard.That is why the basic tests and the study of the theories of rock mechanics should be developed.This article tries to find theoretically a method which will be more applicable to the natural features and geological condition of rocks and to the study of the stability of underground structures on the Three Gorges,based on the consideration of anisotropic natures of rocks and on the analysis of both creep characteristics of rocks under static load and damping factors under dynamic load,When the surrounding stresses and deformation of underground structures are calculated,the theory of theology can be applied to the calculation of the deformation and stress distribution which vary with the change of time under the action of external force. This article,has also pointed out that the application of partial differential equations will Conform to objective,reality still better to determining the deformation and stress distribution of a circular tunnel which vary with the change of rime under the action of internal water pressure.更多还原