【摘要】 从Na₃SbS₃—Na₂S—NaOH 溶液中电沉积锑的工艺,已在国内应用于生产。本文是这一研究工作的一部分。内容包括:（1）由Ⅰ—Ⅴ曲线法确定了Na₃SbS₃的分解电压为1.72伏,并由阴、阳极极化曲线的数据进行了核对。（2）在30安培扩大实验电解槽上进行了槽电压平衡测定。（3）经红外光谱及X—射线分析表明:阳极钝化膜的成分及结构为β—FeOOH,Fe₃O₄,γ—Fe₂O₃和FeSO₄·7H₂O。由于尖晶石型γ—Fe₂O₃和固态FeSO₄均为电的不良导体,使阳极电压降在整个槽电压中约占1/5—1/4。文中指出:在隔膜电解条件下,当采用铁质材料作为不溶阳极时,为了减少电积锑的电能消耗,宜采用较低的阳极电流密度。同时,为了减少阳极上FeSO₄的生成,宜选择有效的阳极隔膜材料,以防止S^2-离子由阴极液向阳极液的迁移。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China,the technology of electrowinning of antimony from Na₃SbS₃-Na₂S-NaOH solution has been applied to industry.The present paper is a part of an exper-imental investigation.The content of the paper can be noted as follows:1.Decomposition voltage of Na₃SbS₃ determinded by means of I-V curve was 1.72v.This value was checked against the experimental data of polarization curves of anodeand cathode.2.The cell equilibrium voltage was determined in a 30A cell.3.The constituents and structure of anodic passive film were determined byinfrared spectrograph and X-ray diffraction.They were β-FeOOH,Fe₃O₄,γ-Fe₂O₃ andFeSO₄·7H₂O.Because the γ-Fe₂O₃ and solid FeSO₄ had low electrical conductivities,the voltage drop on the anode was about 1/5-1/4 of total voltage.When iron materialwas employed as insoluble anode,a lower current density had to be used to reduceelectric power consumption for electrowinning of antimony by diaphragm electrolysis.Meanwhile,in order to reduce formation of FeSO₄ on the anode surface,it is importantto choose the material to be used as an effective diaphragm to stop transfer of S²-ionsfrom catholyte to anolyte.更多还原