【摘要】 用染色体 N—分带技术对四倍体小麦（AABB 和 AAGG）以及 B 和 G 染色体组的可能供体拟斯卑尔脱山羊草（Ae.speltoides）、高大山羊草（Ae.longissima）、沙融山羊草（Ae.sharonensis）、二角山羊草（Ae.bicornis）和西尔斯山羊草 Ae.se-arsii 的体细胞染色体进行核型分析。除染色体4 A 以外的所有 A 组染色体只有较浅的 N—带或无带。B 组和 G 组染色体（4 B 和 G 4除外）的 N—带较深,但G 组染色体的异染色质化程度更高。拟斯卑尔脱山羊草的 N—带型比山羊草Sitopsis 组的其它种更接近于 B 组和 G 组染色体的 N—带型（4 B 和 G 4除外）。其中有一对染色体的 N—带型与四倍体小麦的4A 很相似。用硬粒小麦“Langdon”的双端体二体（double ditelosomics）材料与提莫菲维小麦（T.timopheevi）、阿拉拉特小麦（T.araraticum）和拟斯卑尔脱山羊草杂交,对 F₁植株花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ的染色体进行 N—分带和对端体染色体的配对行为的观察结果表明,染色体4A 应重标为4B（在 AAGG 中应重标为G4）,该染色体起源于拟斯卑尔脱山羊草。拟斯卑尔脱山羊草是 B 和 G 染色体组的供体之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 The somatic chromosomes of tetraploid wheats(AABB and AAGG)and probable donors of B and G genomes Ae.speltoides,Ae.longissima,Ae.sharonensis,Ae.bicornis and Ae.searsii were identified by an N-ban-ding technique.All chromosomes of A genome but 4A were banded withweak bands or no band.There was general similarity of N-banding pat-terns between B and G genome chromosomes but the G genome chromoso-mes were more heterochromatic.The N-banding patterns of Ae.speltoi-des,with the exception of chromosomes 4B and 4G,were more similar tothe B and G genome chromosomes thall other species of the Sitopsis groupof Aegilops.One chromosome similar to 4A of tetraploid wheats was ob-served in Ae.speltoides only.The results of analysis of the pairing of telosomic chromosomes of T.durum cv.Langdon with the chromosomes of T.timopheevi,T.araraticumand Ae.speltoides showed that the chromosome 4A originted from Aespeltoides,should be designated as 4B(or as 4G in AAGG),and Ae.speltoids might be one of the donors of B and G genomes.更多还原