【摘要】 <正> 我国对于土壤肥力的研究有着悠久的历史,远在公元前约2200年写成的“禹贡”,约1120年写成的“周礼”和约767年写成的“管子”中,都有这方面的记载。值得提明的是我国农民在长期生产斗争中总结出:抗逆性强、宜种、宜肥、宜耕范围广的是肥土,反之是瘦土。他们强调了土壤本身的体质,而不单更多还原

【Abstract】 After a review of the study on soil fertility at home and abroad and of our recent work, it is clearly recongnized that in studying soil fertility, both the basic materials affecting the fertility and the patterns of pedon structure of soils should be investigated in a comprehensive way.In black soil, the organo-mineral comptexes with different binding status are the basic substances influencing soil fertility. The quantitative variation of various groups of organo-mineral complexes induces a series of changes of nutrients and moisture in soil.In fertile black soil, the total amount of the microaggregates <10 μm is above 50%. They are the main parts influencing fertility.The humification and transformation of organic matter are regulated by the soil enzymes. Their activity can reflect the nutriest status and physico-chemical properties of soil to a great extent.In fertile black soil, humus, humin and humic acid combined with calcium are distributed uniformly in the whole soil mass. It helps improve the formation and uniform distribution of stable structure in soil.更多还原