【摘要】 本文估算了我省各地74个有代表性品种主要性状;株高、茎粗、穗长,穗粗、穗重,粒重,千粒重,草重,码数、根轮数,根数,节数,出苗—抽穗天数,抽穗—成熟天数,生育期的遗传参数,并分析了在谷子育种中的应用。生育期,株高,抽穗—成熟天数,节数遗传变异系数较小,广义遗传力较高,不易受环境条件影响,选择的可靠性较大,可在早期世代严加选择。草重、穗重、粒重,茎粗、根轮数遗传变异系数较大,广义遗传力较低,易受环境条件影响,早期单株选择效果不好,应到后期再进行单株选择。粒重,穗重,根数,草重遗传进度较大,选择效果较好。生育期,抽穗—成熟天数,根轮数,节数遗传进度较小,选择效果较差。穗重,粒重,草重遗传力较低,早期单株选择效果不好,可通过与它们高度遗传相关且遗传力较高的性状生育期,出苗—抽穗天数,株高,节数的选择来达到予期效果。通经分析表明,穗重,株高对粒重影响大,可作为粒重间接选择指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Seventy-four typical varieties of millet [Sataria italica(L.)beauv.] in Shanxi were studied with the aim of estimating the genetic parameters of fourteen characters including plant height, stem circumference, length, wide and weight of spike, the straw and grain weight, the weight of 1000-grains, rootlets per plant, nodes, days of emerging-heading, and heading-maturing, growth periods etc. Their appli-cations in breeding were also discussed. The broad-sense heritability values were higher and the genetic variation coefficients(GCT) were lower for plant height, date of maturity and heading-matu-ring, nodes, They were affected slightly by environment conditions and had better selected reliability so could be selected rigorously in early generations. But the broad-sense heritability values were lower and GCV were higher for weight of straw and grain, stem wide, rootlets per plant. They were affected strongly by environment conditions and had lower efficiency for single selection in earliergeneratiosn. Thus, they must be selected in later generations. The weight of grain and spike, number of rootlet straw weight had higher GS’(genetie advances)and selected effieiency, butdate of maturity period of heading to maturing and nodes had lower GS’ and efficiency. Since the heritability values were lower for the weight of grain, spike and straw, the effect of selecting for single plant in earlier generations wae not reliable. It could be got by selection of such characters as date of maturity and emrgeing-heading, which had higher heritability and significantly correlation with the weight of grain etc. The results of pathing way analysis show that spike weight plant height affected significantly to weight of grain and could be taken as a indirect selection index for the grain weight. Basing onthe characters. affecting greatly the weight of grain, such as spike weight, plant height, date of maturity etc, the selection index of grain weight had been estimated.更多还原