【摘要】 本文研究了长白山北坡自然保护区森林土壤微生物的生态分布和生化特性。土壤微生物的垂直分布与林型之间有着下列相关性:(1)阔叶林和针阔混交林下土壤中细菌的数量比针叶林下多;(2)不同土类中,放线菌的分布随海拔上升而减少;(3)亚高山针叶混交林下土壤中真菌数量很多。不同林型下土壤酶活性、内源呼吸、氧化代谢能力和土壤有机质中中性糖、氨基糖和糖醛酸的分布有很大差异,以阔叶林和针阔混交林下土壤中为最高,针叶林下土壤中为最低。针叶混交林下土壤中生化活性随阔叶树种增加而提高。不同海拔、不同植被和不同土类下,芽孢杆菌属、放线菌和真菌的生态分布及其种的组合不同。芽孢杆菌属的优势种和放线菌、真菌优势属的组成也不同。不同林型下优势种的组成与水热条件、植物残体的组成及土壤有机质的分解过程密切相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ecological distribution and biochemical properties of soil microorganisms under different types of forest on the northern slope of the Changbai Shan Mountain Natural Reserve were studied.The relations between the main vegetation types and ecological distribution of soil microorganisms are as follows:1. The number of soil bacteria under the deciduous forest and the broad-leaved and coniferous mixed forest is greater than that under the coniferous forest.2. The distribution of soil actinomycetes under different soil types is decreased with an increase in altitude.3. The microfungi are more abundant in the soils under the subalpine mixed coniferous forest. The ecological distribution of Genus Bacillus, actinomycetes and microfungi, and the species composition and the dominant species vary with different altitudes, vegetations and soil types.It seems that the dominant species under different types of forest is clocely correlated with water-heat conditions, constituents of plant residues and decomposition processes of scil organic matters.Activities of soil enzyme ( Protase, Invertase, Catalase and Polyphenolase), endogenous respiration, capability of oxidative metabolism, and distribution of neutral monosaccharides, amino sugar and uronic acid in the soil organic matters vary greatly with different forest types.The above values are the higest in the soils under both the deciduous forest and the coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, and the lowest in the soil under the coniferous forest. The biochemical activities in the soil under the mixed coniferous forest increases with an increase in broad-leaved trees.更多还原