【摘要】 根据悬移质扩散理论,含沙量沿垂线分布同流速分布有关.指数流速分布公式比较符合实际,但未见与其相应的明渠含沙量分布公式,本文导出了这一公式.引用实测资料验证的结果表明,公式结构正确,在含沙量较高时比劳斯公式更符合实际,这一优点在中下部流层尤为明显.文中还就含沙量对流速分布的影响、悬浮参数的取值等问题进行了初步探讨,获得了一些有益的成果.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based upon the diffusion theory and the exponential velocity formula, the equation of vertical distribution of suspended sediment in open channel is derived as equation （15） , in which the parameter P is defined as the "Suspension parameter" and can be expressed in terms of Rouse number Z as in the form P = Z（?）C/g^1/2 . Six sets of data observed in field and laboratories are used to check equation （15） . The results indicate that equation （15） is well coincident with those observed data, especially when the sediment concentration is as high as that of the Yellow River, and at the same time, it is better than Rouse’s equation （2） .The results show that Karman universal constant （?） and exponent n decrease with the increase in sediment concentration, and their relationship n = （?）C/ g^1/2 is obtained approximately and the simple relationship P=nZ is obtained also.Taking the average value of diffusion coefficient ε（?） along the depth, equation （15） is simplified to equation （22） . When parameter P is less than 5, the results calculated from equation （22） are accurate enough in practical work, so that equation （ 22 ） is recommended in this paper.更多还原