【摘要】 本文报告了大别苔(Carex dabiecnsis)和白鳞苔草(C.polyschoena)的返祖小穗。这些返祖小穗中的类型之一具有与篙草属(Kobresia)以及Schoenoxiphium属完全相似的两性结构小穗,在这一类型的小穗中,它们生有一雌花及其在上的雄花。如图所示,大别苔和白鳞苔草中第(3)类型的返祖小穗和Schoenoxiphium属以及嵩草属的第1、2类型的小穗基本上没有区别,这些返祖小穗的发现证明果胞是苔草属的真正小穗,而且可以证明现存苔草的单性小穗是起源于具两性小穗的祖先。因此,可以相信具有两性结构的返祖小穗的发现进一步揭示了苔草亚科中Schoenoxi-phium属,嵩草属,钩轴莎属和苔草属之间的系统发育的亲缘关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reports on the atavistic spikelets of Carex da-bieensis and C. polyschoena. One of the types in the atavisticspikelets of them has quite the same structure as those ofKobresia and Schoenoxiphium. In the form of spikelets they beara male flower above the female. As Figure Ⅰshows that type(3) of the atavistic spikelets in C. dabieensis, C. polyschoena isnot foundamentally different from types l and 2 of Schoencxi-phium, Kobresia. The discovery of the atavistic spikelets demo-nstrate that a unit of utricle is a ture spikelet of Carex, andmay prove that the unisexual spikelets of presentday Carexare derived from anccstors with bisexual spikelets. It is the-refore possible to believe that thc discovery of the atavisticspikelets with bisexual structure exhibites further the phyloge-ntic interrelationship between Schoenoxiphiun, Kobresia and Carexof the Caricoideae.更多还原