【摘要】 <正> 随着工农业生产的飞速发展,对能源的要求十分迫切,而目前能源的短缺日趋严重.开发和利用新能源,特别是以甲烷为主的生物能源(沼气)越来越重要.沼气是一种理想的再生能源,具有投资少、见效快、成本低的特点.要提高沼气的产量就得选用优良菌种,这就引起了人们对研究产甲烷细菌的极大重视.为此,我们根据亨盖特等人的厌氧技术,在严格的厌氧条件下,配制了以甲酸盐为唯一碳源和乙酸盐二种培养基.从污泥消化池,河底淤泥及沼气池取样,经多次富集和分离,得到一株产甲烷杆菌.经初步鉴定并参考有关资料,暂定为甲烷杆菌属的甲酸甲烷杆菌(Methanobacteriumformicicum).现将分离、鉴定过程叙述如下.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based upon Hungate anaerobic technique and under strict anaerobic conditions, two media were used, with formate as the sole carbon source in one of them, and the other,acetate.Samples from sewage digestors, pond sediments and methane fermenters were added.Then, a strain of Methanobacterium was obtained by repeated enriching and isolating in the presence of a gas phase （80% H₂-20% CO₂）. Methanobacterium colonies （dia.2～5mm） in agar roll tubes are greyish white peripherally and greyish yellow In the centres.They are of typical bluish green fluorescent under long wave UV illumination. Growth in liquid media results either in even turbidity, or a state of highly granular clumps, and methane are produces in all these cultures. Methanobacterium cells are slender and cylindrical, with blunt rounded ends.Some are in chains and some are evenly crooked, with length oa.3.5～14μm, width ca.0.5～ 0.7μm, Gram-negative, non-motile,and non-sporing.Optium growth temp.: 35～40℃,optium pH: ca.7.2～7.6.The Methanobactrium utilizes H₂ or formate as electron donor and reduces CO₂ to methane.Acetate and cysteine stimulate their growth. Based upon the above mentioned morphological and physiological characteristics,the Methanobacterium is tentively identified as Methanobacterium formicicum.更多还原