【摘要】 分析了官、哥窑器31种残片胎、釉的化学组成、显微结构和釉的受热行为。研究了郊坛官窑的生烧试样在不同气氛下各个烧成温度时胎、釉的变化。主要的结论如下: 1)在化学组成上,郊坛官窑釉与龙泉哥窑釉异常接近;按釉式以R₂O₃对RO₂作图,两者均落在一个以西斜线限定的狭窄区域内,用下列公式代表: （RO₂-a）/（R₂O₃）=k 式中 k=6.2,而a_右=0.84;a_左=-0.15,帮△a≈1。 （2）修内司官窑釉、故宫传世哥窑釉、清雍正景德镇仿官釉亦落入这个区域而与郊坛官窑及龙泉哥窑釉相近。 （3）物相定量结果证明;呈青玉感的釉,钙长石含5％以上;CAS₂、Q和B三相总量均>15～20％,低于此,釉趋于透明。 （4）以胎式按（RO·R₂O）对RO₂作图,官窑和哥窑在化学组成上有重大差别,分别处于下式: （RO₂-2.2）/（R₂O+RO）=k （k=8）为代表的界线两边。由此证明“哥窑取土于杭”的说法不足信。更多还原

【Abstract】 The chemical composition,microstructures and the thermal behaviour of the bodiesand glazes for 31 typical sherds of the Guan and Ge wares were analysed. By using theunder-firing sherds,variations of the bodies and glazes under different temperatures andatmospheres were investigated.The essential conclusions are as follows: （1） The chemical composition of Guan ware glazes and Longquan Ge ware glazesare quite similar.When R₂O₃ is plotted against RO₂,both glazes fall within a narrowarea,bounded by two sloping lines. The relationship between RO₂ and R₂O₃ can be ex-pressed as RO₂-a/（R₂O₃）=kwhere k=6.2, a_right=0. 84 and a_left=-0.15, so △a≈1. （2） The data points for Xiuneisi Guan ware glaze, Ge ware glaze from Beijing Pa-lace Museum, and Jingdezhen imitation of Guan ware in Yongzhen period of Qing Dyn-asty all fall within this area, showing the ware glazes are similar to the Altar Guanglazes and the Longquan Ge glazes. （3） Results of quantitative analysis of phases show that in the glaze of green jadeappearance, the amount of anorthite is over 5%,and the total amount of CAS₂, quartz andbubble phases is greater than 15～20%, below which the glaze turns to be transparent. （4） When（RO·R₂O） is plotted against RO₂ in terms of body formula,the data pointsof the Guan and the Ge wares fall at either side ot the line which is represented by theequation: RO₂-2.2/（R₂O+RO）=kwhere k = 8.It is verified that"The Longquan Ge ware got its clay from Hongzhou" is un-reliable.更多还原