【摘要】 本文采用微量稀释法比较15种头孢菌素和3种青霉素对329株细菌的体外抗菌活性。第一代头孢菌素对肠球菌以外的所有阳性菌以及少数阴性菌有一定的抗菌活性。其中唑啉头孢菌素较为突出,硫脒头孢菌素对肠球菌、流感杆菌和多形模仿杆菌有独特的抗菌作用。新型头孢菌素,特别是第三代头孢菌素的抗菌谱较第一代头孢菌素为广,对各种阴性菌显示更强的抗菌作用。氧哌羟苯唑头孢菌素对绿脓杆菌的作用最强;氨噻肟头孢菌素几乎对所有的试验菌均显示相当强的活性。 微量稀释法省时省料,与试管稀释法的符合率超过80％,可推荐为临床实验室测定药敏的方法之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 The in vitro antibacterial activity of 15 cephalosporins and 3 penicillins against 329 strains of clinical isolates was compared by microdilution method. Cephalosporins of the first generation were farily active against all Gram-positive bacteria except for Strep, faecalis and a few Gram-negative bacteria. Among them, cefazolin is the most active drug. Cefathiamidiae has remarkable activity against Strep, faecalis, H. influenzae and Mima polymorphs. The antibacterial spectrum of the newer cephalosporins, especially these of the third generation, is usually much broader than those of the first genera-tion. They are very active against most Gram-negative organisms. Cefoperazone is the most active one against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while cefotaxime possesses good activity against almost all the organisms tested.Microdilutton method is simple and easy to perform with the merit of saving time and materials. The correlation rate between microdilution method and tube dilution method is round about 80%. It is a method of bacterial sensitivity testing worthy recommendation in clinical laboratories.更多还原