【摘要】 本文对中华按蚊和雷氏按蚊嗜人亚种及它们的杂种后代的同工酶进行电泳分析。结果表明,二蚊种的酯酶均有4个基因,并存在遗传上的多态性。利用酯酶抑制谱也肯定了遗传分析的结果。磷酸甘油脱氢酶(GPD)于中华按蚊有2个基因,雷氏按蚊嗜人亚种仅1个基因。碱性磷酸酯酶(APH)、过氧化物酶(POD)在中华按蚊都较在雷氏按蚊嗜人亚种多出1条酶带。乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、辛醇脱氢酶(ODH)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的酶带二蚊种相同。酸性磷酸酯酶(ACP)在二蚊种内都未能显示清晰酶带。这些事实指出二者是关系很近的近缘种。对不同地理区域中华按蚊、雷氏按蚊嗜人亚种和贵阳按蚊的酯酶比较也获得一些关于它们演化关系的信息,并发现这3个种的具有分类特性的酯酶带。更多还原

【Abstract】 A.sinensis (A.s.) and A.lesteri anthropophagus (A.I.) are the two members of A.kyrcanus group.They are major vectors of malaria and filarriasis in China.It is thought that studies on the isozymes of A.s.and A.I.could aid the elucidation of their genetics and sys-tematics and also their control.By using the technique of induced copulation,hybrids from the cross A.s.X A.I.were obtained.One set of hybrid genomes was from the parent A.j.and the other from A.I.,so when we compare the electrophoretic patterns of the hybrid offspring with those of their parents it is possible to analyze the isozyme loci involved genetically.The experimental results revealed that both species had four esterase loci.In A.s.Est-1 had at least 3 alleles,while in A.I.Est-2 had 3 alleles and Est-4 had 2 alleles.The inhibitory electrophoretic isozyme patterns comfirmed our explanation.GPD in A.s.has two loci,i.e.,Gpd-1 and Gpd-2,but only one in A.I.,the mobility of GPD in A.I.was the same as that of Gpd-1 in A.s.The expression of GPD loci in A.s.was found to be related to sex,age and food.APH and POD had one more band in A.s.than in A.1.LDH,MDH and ODH in A.s.and in A.I.were very similar.The clear ACP band was not visualized in A.s.and A.I.though their activity was revealed.The above facts indicate that A.s.and A.I.are very closely related species,but A.s.could be more advanced in evolution.Some information about the evolutionary relationships between the members of A.hyr-canus group was obtaind by comparison of the Est gene frequency of diffrent geographic populations.In addition,the taxonomic characteristic isozyme band was found in A.s.,A.I.and A.k.(A.kweiyangsis),so it seems to us that these three species could be identified rather easily by electrophoresis in spite of their similarity in morphology.更多还原