【摘要】 稀土元素对调节作物生长有特殊的作用,在农作物的栽培试验中有增产效果。为探讨稀土元素对农作物增产的生理效应,本文调查了某稀土矿区的植物种类,并与非矿区进行了对比。矿区与非矿区植物种类基本相同,但采集的植物叶片中稀土含量却有显著差别。如矿区马尾松叶子中稀土含量高于一般地区2.5～22倍。用水培法研究了单一稀土元素在黄瓜植株内的分布规律,镧在植株不同部分的分布有一定规律,以稀土占灰分的重量百分比计,植物幼嫩部分有较多镧。 本文采用示波极谱络合物吸附波的方法测定植物中的单一稀土及稀土总量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rare earth elements have been used in China in the planting experiments of crops since 1970s, and some effects of increasing yields have been observed.In this paper, we studied the rare earth contents in the plants which growed in different areas and the regularity of its distribution in different parts of a plant. This is an approach to study the physiological effects of rare earth elements on crops.The kinds of plants in two rare earth mining areas have been surveyed and compared with those of non-mining areas. It is shown that the kinds of plants are similar in all surveyed areas. The analysis of rare earth contents in the leaves of some plants collected in these areas shows that the rare earth content in the leaves of Pinus massoniana growing in rare earth mining areas is 2.5～22 fold of that in non-mining areas, the highest content observed is 37.8 μg per gram dry material. The analysis of rare earth contents of plants growing in various districts shows that the rare earth content varies with the district where the plants grow.The method for analyzing rare earth contents here is the electroanalytical method of adsorptive complex wave in single-sweep polarograph, which is sensitive, accurate and easy to perform. Rare earth contents in the ashes of plants are determined after separating from other elements by extracting with PMBP.The regularity of the distribution of rare earth elements in plants is studied by the water culture method in which the nutriment materials can be controlled. Cucumber, the experimental plant, was treated by solution of lanthanum chloride (or other rare earth chloride) during its growth, and the rare earth contents in different parts of cucumber are analyzed. It is shown, that the tender part of cucumber has more lanthanum than the tough part. This is in accordance with the regular distribution of essential nutriment element in plants.更多还原