【摘要】 取第16～20天Wistar大鼠胎肝和出生后2天的新生大鼠肝,以及第2个月至新生儿的人胎肝组织,切半薄片和超薄片,分别用光镜和电镜进行细胞和细胞内超微结构的体视法计量。各参数的数值均经统计学处理。胎肝细胞体积逐渐递增,核体积无显著变化,核质比逐渐变小。胎肝细胞线粒体分化早,其体积密度、个数密度和表面积密度较稳定(大鼠)或渐递增(人);单个肝细胞线粒体的总体积和个数均显递增。胎肝细胞的粗面内质网(RER)发达,其相对数值明显大于成体肝细胞,鼠胎单个肝细胞RER总体积也较成体的大。胎肝细胞的滑面内质网(SER)和微体发育差,出生后发育显著。胎肝细胞溶酶体发育好,其参数的数值随胎龄逐渐递增,出生后增加尤为显著。出生前胎肝细胞的糖原含量迅速增加,出生后又骤然减少。讨论了胎肝细胞发育中诸细胞器和糖原数量变化与肝细胞功能发展的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The techniques of quantitative stereology have been applied to morphometrio analysis of fetal and new-born hepatocytes. The liver materials taken from the 16-20th day rat fetuses, new-born rats, 3-7th mpnth human fetuses, and new-born infanta were cut in semi thick and ultra thin sections used in light microscopic and ultra-structural morphometry respectively.The results of light microscopic morphometry reveal that the cell volume of fetal hepatocytes is gradually increased during the period of observation, but the nuclear volume has not changed much. Nuclear: cytoplasmio ratio is reduced gradually.The quantitative data of ultrastructures show that the development processes of various cytoplasmic structures of fetal hepatooytes are different. Mitochondria are found to develop earlier, and their volume, surface and numerical densities are nearly constant, but the corresponding values (volume, surface, and number) calculated per hepatocyte increase with age. RER, differentiated early too, is abundant and its volume density of the perinatal liver cells is obviously larger than that of the adult. SER and microbody, developed later, are markedly increased only after birth. Lyso-somes can be seen in early fetal cells, especially after delivery.Around birth, alterations of hepatocytio ultrastructures are drastic, especially expressed by the marked increase of SER and microbody as well as the intensive formation and a rapid mobilization of glyoogen.The relationships between various changes of the organells and the development of the hepatocytic functions were disscussed.更多还原