【摘要】 用小麦抗白粉病等基因系作鉴别寄主,观察了已知抗性基因（Pm1—Pm4）对江苏不同地区病原菌群体的反应。在1982年,南京和淮阴两地区病圃中,Pm1、Pm3b、Pm3c 反应型为3—4级。Pm2、Pm3a 为0—3级。Pm4 为0—1级,Pm4对两地病原菌群体的反应型略有差异。在温室中,用50ppm 苯并咪唑水溶液培养寄主离体叶片鉴定了从南京地区白粉病菌群体中分离的23个单孢或单孢子堆病菌标样。根据它们对寄主的侵染范围,可初步鉴定出6个致病力类型,并估计了病菌标样中与寄主抗性基因相对应的毒性基因的频率。从 Pm2、Pm4在我省及世界各地病圃中的抗性表现看,这两个抗性基因资源,对当前小麦抗白粉病育种是有效的,应首先加以利用。但是也应警惕 V₂和 V₄毒性基因的存在及其扩大的可能性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using a set of near-isogenic lines of wheat as differential hosts,weobserved the reaction of known resistant genes(Pm1—Pm4)to the localpathogen populations of different localities of Jiangsu Province.In Nanjing andHuaiyin powdery mildew nurseries of 1982,the reaction types of Pm1,Pm3band Pm3c,Pm 2 and Pm3a,as well as Pm4were respectively 3—4,0—3and0—1.The reaction types of Pm 4 recorded in these two nurseries wereslightly different.23 single pustule or single conidial chain samples isolated from Nanjingpathogen population were identified in the green house with the detached leavesof differential hosts floating on 50ppm benzimidazole water solution.Accordingto the ranges of infection of these isolates,six types of virulence could beidentified.The frequencies of virulent genes of these pathogen samples corres-ponding to the host resistant genes were estimated.On the basis of the expression of the genes pm 2 and Pm 4 in our pro-vince and most areas in abroad,these two resistant genes must be consideredas very effective gene sources,in our breeding program for wheat powderymildew resistance,and should enjoy priority in utilization.But attention shouldalso be paid to the existance and possible extension of the V2 and V4 virulentgenes in the pathogen population.更多还原