【摘要】 在硫酸盐水合物催化下,乙酸和乙醇间的酯化反应级数是2级.以Fe₂（SO₄）₃·7H₂O作催化剂时测得五种取代乙酸和乙醇反应的活化能.本文提出一种新的衡量催化剂活性的指标Y_m值概念,并根据Y_m大小确定了八种硫酸盐水合物的催化活性.Y_m与硫酸盐中金属离子的第二电离势P和离子半径r之间的线性关系可表示为:Y_m=α（P/r）+b.更多还原

【Abstract】 The order of esterification reaction of acetic acid and ethanol catalyzed by Fe₂（SO₄）₃·7H₂O and CuSO₄·5H₂O has been determined. The reaction order was found to be 2 with respect to acid and ethanol with constant quantities of catalysts. The activity of catalysts can be expressed by Y_m value, which is different from catalyst to catalyst. For Fe₂ （SO₄）₃·7H₂O, Cr₂ （SO₄）₃·6H₂O, CuSO₄·5H₂O, NiSO₄·7H₂O, ZnSO₄·7H₂O, CoSO₄·7H₂O, FeSO₄·7H₂O and MnSO₄·5H₂O the Y_m values are 1.52, 1.21, 0.62, 0.42, 0.47, 0.25,0.10 and 0.00 respectively. A linear relationship of Y_m with the fraction of the second ionization potentiol （P） over radius （r） of metal ion of sulphate salts was found to be Y_m=a（P/r）+b.更多还原