【摘要】 本文描述多球中子探测器的能量响应特性。慢化球由密度为0.93克/厘米³的聚乙烯制成,直径在5.1—24.4厘米之间。中心置—φ1.9×8厘米的 BF₃正比计数器,充气压为70厘米汞柱,¹⁰B丰度约为95%。当工作电压为1500伏时,分辨率约为20%,本底约为0.4计数/分,热中子灵敏度为0.5计数/(中子·厘米^-2)。测量所使用的中子能量范围在热能—15兆电子伏之间。0.02—15兆电子伏能区的能量响应曲线直接按实验值绘出;热能—0.02兆电子伏能区的响应曲线,则根据实验值及 D.Nachtigall给出的 M65数据推算。所得结果与报道的理论值作了比较,对于较小的慢化球探测器,理论值存在较大的误差,例如对直径为7.6厘米的慢化球探测器,在10电子伏处,理论值（M.P.Dhairyawan et al.,1980;R.E.Maerker et al,1971）为实验内插值的2倍。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper presents the study of energy response for multi-sphere neutron detectors.The moderating spheres are made of the polyethylenewith density of 0.93 g/cm₃,their diameters range from 5.1 to 24.4 cm Thecentrical thermal neutron detector is a BF₃(¹⁰B≈95%)proportional counter（φ1.9×3cm）,the fillfng pressure is 70 cmHg.When working voltage ofthe BF₃ counter is 1500 V,the resolving power is about 20%,the back-ground is 0.4 cpm,and the sensitivity for the thermal neutrons is about 0.5C/(n·cm^-2).The energy of neutron source used varies from thermal to 15 MeV.Thecurves of energy response for the energy between 0.02 and 15 MeV were ga-ined by experimental method,but for the energy below 0.02 MeV,they wereobtained by experimental data in combination with M65 data（D.Nachtiga11,1972）.The results are compared with calculated values.For the smallermoderating sphere detectors,the uncertainty of the calculated values seems tobe large.For example,wh n the diameter of the detector is 7.6 cm and theneutron energy is 10 eV,the tneoretic values（M.P.Dhairyawan et al.,1980;R.E.Maerker et al.,1971）are about twice as large as that we obtained.更多还原